Abstract Reasoning for Consulting Recruitment: What Top Firms Look For
Consulting firms—McKinsey, BCG, Bain, Deloitte, Accenture and others—use aptitude tests to screen candidates. Abstract reasoning (or diagrammatic/inductive reasoning) is a common component. These tests measure your ability to identify patterns, infer rules, and think logically under pressure—skills consultants use daily. This guide explains what consulting firms test, how abstract reasoning fits into the recruitment process, and how to prepare effectively.
Why Consulting Firms Use Abstract Reasoning
Consultants work with complex information, spot patterns in data, and draw logical conclusions. Abstract reasoning tests assess:
Pattern recognition – Can you see structure in seemingly random shapes? Consultants must find structure in messy business problems.
Rule inference – Can you deduce a rule from examples? Consultants infer principles from case data.
Logical consistency – Can you apply a rule correctly? Consultants must reason without contradiction.
Speed under pressure – Can you perform under time limits? Consulting work is deadline-driven.
The tests are culture-fair and don't depend on language or maths. They measure fluid intelligence: the ability to learn and apply new rules quickly.
How Abstract Reasoning Fits Into Consulting Recruitment
Consulting recruitment typically has several stages:
Online application – CV, cover letter, sometimes a short questionnaire.
Online tests – Often the first hurdle. Tests may include numerical reasoning, verbal reasoning, and abstract/diagrammatic reasoning. Some firms use a single "game-based" assessment that combines elements.
First-round interview – Case interview, fit questions, sometimes a written test.
Final rounds – More case interviews, partner interviews.
Abstract reasoning usually appears in the online test stage. It may be a standalone section or combined with other question types. Firms like McKinsey, BCG and Bain often use tests from providers such as SHL, Aon (Cut-e), or their own assessments.
What Consulting Abstract Reasoning Tests Look Like
Matrix completion – 3×3 grid with one empty cell. Rules by row, column, or position. Rotation, number, colour, size are common.
Figure series – Sequence of 4–6 figures; choose the next. Often 2–3 rules combined.
Diagrammatic reasoning – Inputs pass through "operations." You deduce the transformation and apply it. Very common in consulting tests.
Odd one out – Several figures; one doesn't follow the rule. Tests attention to detail and pattern consistency.
Logical sequences – Similar to figure series but sometimes with a different layout. Rules may be more complex.
Consulting tests tend to be harder than average. Time pressure is high. Expect 30–60 seconds per question. Some tests are adaptive: correct answers lead to harder questions.
How to Prepare for Consulting Abstract Reasoning
Practice with consulting-style questions – Use materials that mimic the formats above. Diagrammatic reasoning is especially important for consulting. Practice inputs, outputs, and transformations.
Work under time pressure – Consulting tests are timed. Practice with a stopwatch. Build speed without sacrificing accuracy.
Learn the common rules – Rotation, reflection, number, colour, size, position, combination. Know them cold. When you see a new question, run through the checklist.
Understand diagrammatic reasoning – If your target firm uses it, practice extensively. Trace inputs through operations. Identify what changes (shape, number, position, etc.) and how.
Use elimination – Wrong options often violate one rule. Eliminate first. That narrows your choice and saves time.
Stay calm – The tests are designed to be challenging. Focus on what you can solve. One wrong answer won't ruin your application.
Practice with abstract reasoning questions and the abstract reasoning test.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do all consulting firms use abstract reasoning tests?
Most use some form of logical or abstract reasoning. The exact format varies. McKinsey, BCG, Bain, Deloitte, Accenture and others typically include it in online assessments.
How important is the abstract reasoning score?
It's one of several factors. Firms look at the overall test performance, not just one section. But failing the test usually means you don't progress. Prepare seriously.
Can I prepare for consulting abstract reasoning in a week?
Yes. A week of focused practice (1–2 hours per day) can significantly improve your speed and accuracy. Start with the common rules, then practice under time pressure.